پاسخ کمی و کیفی عملکرد ذرت دانه‏ ای تحت تاثیر روش‌های خاک‏ورزی و مصرف نیتروژن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام

2 گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی بردسیر، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان

3 دکتری تخصصی زراعت و عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

چکیده

ارتباط کشاورزی حفاظتی با روش‌های خاک‌ورزی و کاربرد نیتروژن، برای درک بهتر نقش آنها در عملکرد آگرو اکوسیستم‌ها حیاتی می باشد. به همین منظور آزمایشی به‏صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال‌های 1398-1396 در شهرستان دره شهر، استان ایلام انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه روش خاک‌ورزی شامل خاک‌ورزی حفاظتی (استفاده از خاک ورز مرکب و فاروئر)، متداول (یکبار گاو آهن برگردان دار+ یکبار دیسک+ فاروئر) و فشرده (دوبارگاو آهن برگردان دار+ دوبار دیسک+ فاروئر) بعنوان عامل اصلی و نیتروژن در پنج سطح شامل عدم مصرف و مصرف 50 ، 100 ،150 و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود‌ شیمیایی اوره در کرت فرعی بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه (7615 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با روش خاک‏ورزی حفاظتی بدست آمد که نسبت به خاک‏ورزی فشرده و خاک‏ورزی متداول به ترتیب 3/22 و 8/5 درصد افزایش نشان داد. همچنین، مصرف 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن بیشترین عملکرد دانه را دارا بود که نسبت به حالت عدم مصرف نیتروژن 21 درصد افزایش نشان داد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که در تیمار خاک‏ورزی متداول محتوی کلروفیل a ، b و کل نسبت به خاک‏ورزی فشرده به ترتیب 4/8، 7/23 و 6/12درصد افزایش نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج اجرای خاک‌ورزی حفاظتی نسبت به نظام خاک‌ورزی متداول و فشرده اثر سودمند تری بر افزایش خصوصیات رشد، عملکرد کمی و کیفی و اجزای عملکرد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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