بررسی کارایی علف کش ترکیبی دایکمبا+مزوتریون+نیکوسولفورون در مقایسه با علفکش‌های رایج مزارع ذرت دانه‌ای (Zea mays L.) در کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی/ مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد-ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی ،مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 محقق علف های هرز-بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی- مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی خوزستان

4 عضو هیئت علمی مرکز بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی. مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس. شیراز

چکیده

کارایی علف‌کش ترکیبی دای‏کمبا+مزوتریون+نیکوسولفورون در مهار علف‏های هرز ذرت دانه‏ای (Zea mays L.) در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مشهد، کرمانشاه، اهواز و زرقان طی سال 1398 بررسی گردید. تیمارهای کنترل شیمیایی شامل مصرف پس‌رویشی مزوتریون+تربوتیلازین+متولاکلر، ریم‏سولفورون+نیکوسولفوورن؛ تاپرامزون؛ تین‏کاربازون-متیل+ ایزوکسافلوتل؛ دای‏کمبا+مزوتریون+نیکوسولفورون (در مقادیر 400، 500، 600، 700 و 800 گرم در هکتار از ماده تجارتی 5/569 WG) بودند. نتایج نشان داد علف‏کش دای‌کمبا+مزوتریون+نیکوسولفورون در مقادیر 700 تا 800 گرم در هکتار بین 70 تا 85 درصد تراکم و وزن خشک کل علف‌های هرز را کاهش داد و با حفظ عملکرد نسبی دانه‌ی ذرت (به طور متوسط بیش از 80 درصد) کارایی خود را ثابت کرد. ریم‏سولفورون+نیکوسولفوورن (50-30 درصد) و تاپرامزون (70-50 درصد) در مجموع مناطق کارایی کم تا متوسطی نشان دادند. تین‌کاربازون‌متیل+ایزوکسافلوتل در تمام مناطق آزمایش موفق ارزیابی شد. تاج‏خروس‏ (Amaranthus spp.) در تمام مناطق به جز اهواز غالب بود. گونه‌‌های غالب بعدی سلمه (Chenopodium album) و خرفه (Portulaca oleraceae) در مشهد وزرقان بودند. عروسک پشت پرده (Physalis divaricata) نیز در دو منطقه‌ی اهواز و زرقان غالب بود. سه علف هرز پیچک (Convolvulus arvensis)، سوروف (Echinochloa crus-galli) و طحله (Corchorus olitorius) فقط در اهواز غالب بودند. سایر گونه‌ها شامل قوزک (Hibiscus trionum) در مشهد، شیرین بیان (Glycyrrhiza glabra) و توق (Xanthium strumarium) در کرمانشاه و قیاق (Sorghum halepense) در زرقان غالب بودند. سوروف در درجه اول و سپس شیرین بیان و خرفه جزو علف‏های هرزدشوار کنترل محسوب گردیدند

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