اثر سطوح نیتروژن و فسفر بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) به تغییر فواصل ردیف کاشت در جیرفت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جیرفت، ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی بخش تحقیقات زراعی باغی،مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

3 دانشیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، ایران

4 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، ایران.

5 استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر سطوح نیتروژن و فسفر بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه گوار در تراکم‌های مختلف کاشت، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 98-1397 و 99-1398 در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جیرفت اجرا شد. نیتروژن در سه سطح (20، 60 و 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار) از منبع کود اوره و فسفر در دو سطح (صفر و 75 کیلوگرم منبع P2O5 در هکتار) از منبع کود مونو پتاسیم فسفات و فواصل ردیف کاشت در سه سطح (30، 45 و 60 سانتی‌متر) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد، نیتروژن، فسفر و تراکم کاشت بر روی تمام صفات اثر معنی‌داری داشت. بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه از تیمار کاربرد 60 و 75کیلوگرم به‌ترتیب نیتروژن و فسفر به‌همراه رعایت فاصله ردیف کاشت 45سانتی‌متر به‌میزان 4250کیلوگرم در هکتار که نسبت به تیمار کاربرد 20 و صفرکیلوگرم به‌ترتیب نیتروژن و فسفر به‌همراه رعایت فاصله ردیف کاشت 60سانتی‌متر به‌میزان 42 درصد عملکرد افزایش یافت. بنابراین کاربرد 60 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار فسفر و فواصل ردیف کاشت 45 سانتی متر، شرایط مطلوبی جهت تولید عملکرد حداکثری ایجاد خواهد کرد که در شرایط اقلیمی جنوب کرمان و مناطق مشابه، مناسب خواهد بود و گوار می تواند به عنوان یک گیاه کم توقع از نظر مصرف آب در برنامه الگوی کاشت گیاهان کم آب قرار گیرد

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