ارزیابی عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و سازگاری ژنوتیپ‌های امیدبخش پنبه در کشت دوم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور

2 محقق/مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان، شاهرودسازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی ویژگی‌های زراعی و سازگاری ژنوتیپ‎های امیدبخش و جدید پنبه (GKTB-113، SKT133، SKSH249، BC244، Khorshid ,SKN2739,NSK847 و Kashmar) همراه با دو رقم تجاری، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و در طی سه سال انجام شد. کشت آزمایشات در 4 تا 10 خرداد صورت پذیرفت و صفات عملکرد، زودرسی، تعداد غوزه، وزن غوزه، تعداد و طول شاخه‏های زایا و رویا، تعداد گره، ارتفاع بوته و نسبت ارتفاع به گره (HNR) در سطح اندازه‌گیری شد. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه واریانس، اثر سال بر تمام صفات (به جز طول زایا و تعداد غوزه) و اثر متقابل سال × واریته بر تمام صفات (به جز ارتفاع و نسبت ارتفاع به گره) و اثر واریته بر تمام صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد (به جز HNR) معنی‌دار بود که دلالت بر تنوع قابل ملاحظه صفات در ارقام مورد مطالعه داشت. رقم BC244 از لحاظ تعداد شاخه رویا، ارتفاع و تعداد گره، رقم‌های SKT133 و ورامین از لحاظ تعداد شاخه زایا و پوشش گیاهی و رقم GKTB113 از لحاظ عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در گروه نخست قرار گرفتند. تعداد غوزه، طول شاخه‌های رویا و زایا و HNR دارای همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار با عملکرد وش بودند در خوشه‌بندی بر اساس روش وارد و با داده‌های استاندارد شده، ژنوتیپ‌ها در سه گروه قرار گرفتند. واریته‌های خورشید و کاشمر از لحاظ زودرسی نسبت به سایر واریته‏ها برتری داشتند. ژنوتیپ امید‌بخش GKTB113 ضمن برتری عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، سازگاری بیشتری به کشت‌های تاخیری داشت و به‌عنوان گزینه جدید جهت معرفی شناسایی گردید.

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