تأثیر آرایش کاشت بر برخی ویژگی های زراعی ارقام مختلف لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) در شرایط آبیاری قطره‌ای نواری در منطقه شهرکرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

2 بخش تحقیقات علوم خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از آبیاری قطره‌ای نواری نیازمند تغییر آرایش و روش کاشت است. در این آزمایش آرایش کاشت در ارقام لوبیا در شرایط آبیاری قطره‌ای نواری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال‌های زراعی 95-1394 و 96-1395 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی چهارتخته شهرکرد اجرا شد. عامل اول شامل رقم در سه سطح (لوبیا چیتی کوشا، لوبیا قرمز یاقوت و لوبیا سفید درسا) و عامل دوم شامل آرایش کاشت در چهار سطح (فاصله ردیف 75 سانتیمتر و 2، 3 و 4 خط کاشت روی هر پشته و فاصله ردیف 60 سانتیمتر و 2 خط کاشت روی هر پشته) بود. نتایج نشان داد که ارتفاع بوته (p≤0.05)، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه و بهره‌وری آب (p≤0.01) در ارقام مختلف لوبیا متفاوت بود. آرایش کاشت بر وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه و بهره‌وری آب تأثیر داشت (p≤0.01). اثر متقابل رقم در آرایش کاشت بر وزن صد دانه، عملکرد دانه و بهره‌وری آب معنی دار بود (p≤0.01). بیشترین عملکرد دانه (7/2455 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و بهره‌وری آب (283/0 کیلوگرم در مترمکعب) از رقم کوشا بدست آمد که با سایر ارقام تفاوت معنی دار داشت (p≤0.01). آرایش کاشت چهار ردیف روی پشته‌های 75 سانتیمتری بیشترین بهره‌وری آب (321/0 کیلوگرم در مترمکعب) را داشت که با سه ردیف روی پشته‌های 75 سانتیمتری تفاوت معنی‌دار نداشت. بنابراین می‌توان آرایش سه ردیف روی پشته‌های 75 سانتیمتری را به علت آسان‌تر بودن کاشت توصیه کرد.

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