تعیین بهترین تاریخ کاشت بر اساس روز- درجه رشد و تراکم بوته در برنج (Oryza sativa L.) رقم تیسا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور ، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد زراعت، مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران

چکیده

تاریخ کاشت و فاصله کاشت دو عامل مهم برای دستیابی به عملکرد بالا در معرفی ارقام جدید میباشد. این تحقیق به‌منظور تعیین بهترین تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر اساس روز- درجه رشد (GDD) در برنج رقم تیسا طی سال‌های 1394 و 1395 در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج تنکابن اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. کرت اصلی شامل تاریخ نشاکاری در سه سطح (تاریخ‌های 15 و 25 اردیبهشت و 4 خرداد) و کرت فرعی شامل تراکم بوته در سه سطح (28، 22 و 18 بوته در مترمربع به ترتیب با فواصل نشاکاری 30 ×12، 30×15 و 30×18 سانتی‌متر) بودند. نتایج بیانگر آن است که بین سال‌های آزمایش تنها در صفت طول خوشه تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. اثر تاریخ نشاکاری بر اغلب تیمارها معنی‌دار بود و بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تاریخ کاشت 4 خرداد به میزان 6/6573 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد که با تاریخ کاشت 25 اردیبهشت نیز اختلاف معنیداری نداشت. هرچند تیمارهای تراکم بوته بر عملکرد دانه اثر معنی‌داری نداشتند، اما تیمار 28 بوته در مترمربع (12× 30 سانتی‌متر) توانست بیشترین عملکرد دانه را با 2/6445 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به خود اختصاص دهد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق می‌توان اظهار داشت که کشاورزان منطقه می‌توانند برای دستیابی به عملکرد بیشتر این رقم را در محدوده 25 اردیبهشت تا 4 خرداد و با فاصله کاشت 12×30 سانتی‌متر (تراکم 28 بوته در مترمربع) نشاکاری نمایند.

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