ارزیابی تناسب اراضی استان فارس برای کشت گندم دیم براساس عوامل اقلیمی، فیزیوگرافی و مدل تلفیقی TOPSIS-AHP در محیط GIS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه شهید مدنی

2 فارغ التحصیل ارشد سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

چکیده

افزایش روزافزون جمعیت و نیاز به تامین مواد غذایی مورد نیاز آنها از دغدغههای اصلی دولتها میباشد. به دلیل اهمیت استراتژیک گندم، شناسایی مناطق مستعد مناسب کشت این گیاه زراعی با استفاده از دادههای اقلیمی و فیزیوگرافی باعث افزایش عملکرد آن خواهد شد. این تحقیق با استفاده از دادههای اقلیمی از قبیل دمای متوسط سالانه، دمای جوانه زنی و گلدهی و بارشهای سالانه، پاییزه، بهاره و دادههای فیزیوگرافی شامل ارتفاع و شیب برای ارزیابی تناسب اراضی مستعد کشت گندم دیم در سطح استان فارس استفاده شده است. مطالعه و بررسی هر یک از این دادهها براساس نیازهای اقلیمی و فیزیوگرافی گندم دیم صورت گرفته است. با تعمیم داده‌ها به سطح، و پردازش آنها با استفاده از فناوری GISلایههای اطلاعاتی مربوط به هر یک از آنها تهیه و به منظور اولویتبندی و ارزیابی معیارها و لایههای اطلاعاتی در رابطه با هم، وزندهی معیارها از مدل تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) مبتنی بر روش TOPSIS استفاده گردید و همپوشانی و تحلیل فضایی لایهها در محیط GIS صورت گرفت و در نهایت نواحی مستعد کشت گندم در استان فارس شناسایی شد. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که 63/13 درصد از مساحت استان در پهنه بسیار خوب قرار دارد که شامل مناطق غرب و شمال غرب استان (شهرستانهای ممسنی، کازرون، سپیدان و بخشهایی از شهرستانهای شیراز، اقلید، مرودشت و فیروزآباد) است و مستعدترین مناطق استان بوده و حدود 28 درصد از مساحت استان در پهنههای خیلی ضعیف و ضعیف برای کشت گندم دیم قرار دارد که بیشتر در نواحی شرق و شمال شرق قرار دارد.

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