اثر ماده ضد تعرق و کودهای زیستی نیتروژنه بر ارقام گندم در شرایط دیم استان لرستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران.

4 استادیار دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی یادگار امام شهر ری، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی واکنش ارقام گندم دیم به ماده ضد تعرق و کودهای زیستی، آزمایشی در منطقه معتدله سرد (کمالوند) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی بصورت اسپلیت –پلات فاکتوریل با چهار تکرار در دو سال زراعی 96 -1395 و 97 -1396 اجرا شد. عامل رقم گندم (آذر 2، اوحدی و باران) در کرت اصلی، ماده ضد تعرق (عدم کاربرد و کاربرد آترازین) و کود زیستی نیتروژنی (عدم کاربرد، آزوسپریلیوم، ازتوباکتر) به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفتند. صفات زراعی و فتوسنتزی و عناصر غذایی ماکرو و میکرو، کربوهیدرات و پروتئین در دانه اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در سال اول رقم اوحدی با کاربرد آترازین و ازتوباکتر بیشترین عملکرد دانه (2420 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و رقم آذر 2 بدون کاربرد ماده ضد تعرق و با کاربرد ازتوباکترکمترین عملکرد دانه (2000 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و در سال دوم رقم باران با کاربرد آترازین و بدون کاربرد کود زیستی بیشترین عملکرد دانه (2765 کیلوگرم در هکتار)و رقم آذر 2 بدون کاربرد آترازین و با کاربرد آزوسپریلیوم کمترین عملکرد دانه با میانگین 2083 کیلوگرم در هکتار را داشتند. کاربرد آترازین و ازتوباکتر باعث افزایش معنی‌دار شاخص برداشت در دو سال شد. اوحدی با کاربرد آترازین و ازتوباکتر بیشترین میزان فسفر دانه (50/0 درصد) و رقم باران بدون کاربرد ماده ضد تعرق و کود زیستی کمترین میزان فسفر دانه (22/0 درصد) را داشت. بیشترین و کمترین میزان پروتئین دانه با میانگین 8/13 و 5/11 درصد به‌ترتیب با کاربرد آترازین و آزوسپریلیوم و عدم کاربرد ماده ضد تعرق و کود زیستی حاصل شد.

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