اثرات کاربرد کود زیستی و نانوکود پتاسیم بر عملکرد و برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشگاه شاهد تهران

3 دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی- واحد علوم و تحقیقات - دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی

4 استادیار دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی یادگار امام شهر ری، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر تنش خشکی، کود زیستی و نانوکود پتاسیم بر عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیکی کینوا آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت خرد شده-فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و در سال‌های 1397 و 1398 در استان تهران اجرا شد. عوامل مورد مطالعه تنش خشکی (شاهد، 3/0-، 6/0- و 9/0- مگاپاسگال) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و کود زیستی (ترکیبی از باکتری‌های تثبیت کننده نیتروژن و قارچ میکوریزا، عدم کاربرد، 1، 2 و 3 درصد) و نانوکود پتاسیم (عدم کاربرد و کاربرد) به‌عنوان عوامل فرعی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد در شرایط نرمال آبیاری و کاربرد سه درصد کود زیستی بیشترین میزان عملکرد زیستیی و دانه (به ترتیب 8926 و 2809 کیلوگرم در هکتار) حاصل شد که تنها در این سطح تنش با عدم کاربرد کود زیستی تفاوت معنی‌داری داشت. در تنش شدید خشکی و عدم کاربرد کود زیستی بیشترین میزان پرولین اندام هوایی (526/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تازه) و کمترین آن (256/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تازه) در شرایط نرمال آبیاری و کاربرد سه درصد کود زیستی حاصل شد. کاربرد کود زیستی و نانوکود پتاسیم میزان پروتئین و روغن دانه را بهبود بخشید ( به ترتیب 67/34 درصد و 90/27 درصد). بنابراین کاربرد کود زیستی و نانوکود پتاسیم باعث بهبود رشد و کیفیت دانه کینوا در شرایط تنش خشکی شد.

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