ارزیابی عملکرد دانه، اجزاء عملکرد، روغن و برخی صفات زراعی ارقام گلرنگ در تاریخ های مختلف کشت زمستانه در منطقه سیستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار - بخش تحقیقات ژنتیک و ذخائر توراثی -موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، زابل، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی عملکرد دانه، روغن و برخی ویژگی‌های زراعی ارقام گلرنگ، در تاریخ های مختلف کشت زمستانه، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های یک بار خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی درسه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 1391-1392 و 1393-1392 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی زهک اجرا گردید. تاریخ کاشت در شش سطح (1، 20 دی، 10،30 بهمن و 20 اسفند) عامل اصلی و رقم در چهار سطح (گلدشت، پدیده، فرامان و گل مهر عامل فرعی بودند. بالاترین عملکرد دانه در سال اول با میانگین 1253 کیلوگرم در هکتار بدست آمد که نسبت به سال دوم 6 درصد افزایش داشت. تاریخ کاشت اول دی‌ماه با 1611 کیلوگرم در هکتار نسبت به تاریخ کاشت دوم (20 دی)، سوم (10 بهمن)، چهارم (1اسفند) و پنجم (20 اسفند) به ترتیب 16، 24، 37 و 44 درصد افزایش در عملکرد دانه داشت. با تاخیر کشت از اول دی ماه، روزانه حدود 10 کیلوگرم در هکتار از عملکرد دانه کاسته شد. برهمکنش رقم × تاریخ کاشت×سال بالاترین عملکرد دانه را در سال اول، تاریخ کاشت اول دی ماه و رقم فرامان با میانگین 2090 کیلوگرم در هکتار داشت. درصد روغن در تاریخ کاشت اول دی نسبت به 20 اسفند حدود 9 درصد و ارقام پدیده و گل مهر نسبت به ارقام گلدشت و فرامان به ترتیب 9 و 6 درصد دراین تاریخ کشت افزایش نشان دادند. بر اساس نتایج تاریخ کاشت از اوایل (1 دی) تا اواخر دی ماه (20 دی) با استفاده از ارقام زودرس‌ فرامان و گلدشت مناسب و قابل توصیه تر می‌باشند.

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