تحلیل پایداری عملکرد، وراثت‌پذیری و مشخصه‌یابی لاین‌های امیدبخش جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) در نیشابور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

چکیده

جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) بعد از گندم از لحاظ سطح زیر کشت در ایران مقام دوم را دارد. به‌منظور شناسایی و گزینش ژنوتیپ‌های مطلوب جو، نوزده لاین امیدبخش، به همراه رقم به‌رخ به عنوان شاهد در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کـامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی نیشابور طی سه سال زراعی 98-1395 کشت و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. صفات اصلی شامل تعداد روز تا ظهور سنبله، تعداد روز تا رسیدگی، طول دوره پرشدن دانه، وزن هزار دانه، ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد دانه اندازه‌گیری شدند. از تجزیه GGE بای‌پلات، تجزیه بای‌پلات صفت×ژنوتیپ و برآورد وراثت‌پذیری و سود ژنتیکی جهت بررسی اهداف این پژوهش استفاده شد. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه پایداری، ژنوتیپ‌های G12 و G3 به عنوان لاین‌های دارای عملکرد مطلوب و پایدار بوده و نزدیک‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ها به آن‌ها، ژنوتیپ‌های G9، G11، G15 و G16 بودند. در این پژوهش مشخص شد که ژنوتیپ‌های دارای عملکرد بالا، از دوره پرشدن دانه طولانی، زمان گلدهی کوتاه‌تر و ارتفاع بوته کمتر برخوردار بودند و با توجه به وراثت‌پذیری عمومی و سود ژنتیکی بالا برای صفات مذکور می‌توان از آن‌ها برای گزینش لاین‌های پرعملکرد بهره گرفت. در مجموع براساس نتایج این پژوهش بهترین ژنوتیپ‌ها در منطقه نیشابور براساس عملکرد دانه و پایداری آن، وزن هزار دانه، طول دوره پرشدن دانه و زودرسی ژنوتیپ‌های 12، 3 و 9 بودند.

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