بررسی تاثیر مقدار و زمان تقسیط نیتروژن بر عملکرد دانه، علوفه و میزان برخی عناصر غذایی در ژنوتیپ‌های جدید تریتیکاله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان ، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

بمنظور بررسی اثرتقسیط مقادیرمختلف نیتروژن برعملکرد علوفه‌تر و دانه ژنوتیپ‌های تریتیکاله، آزمایش اسپلیت فاکتوریل با سه تکرار در دو ایستگاه قراخیل (مرکز) و بایع‌کلا (شرق) مازندران با تغذیه آب باران درسال زراعی 96- 1395 اجرا شد. عامل اصلی شش ژنوتیپ ET-89-1، ET-89-7، ET-89-9، ET-89-12، ET-89-13، ET-89-16 و عامل فرعی فاکتوریل سه سطح نیتروژن خالص (50، 70 و 90 کیلوگرم درهکتار از منبع اوره) در سه سطح تقسیط (مراحل کاشت + طویل‌شدن ساقه‌ها، کاشت + ظهورسنبله‌ و پنجه‌زنی +ظهورسنبله‌ با نسبت 50% :50%) بود. در مرحله خمیری دانه‌ها صفات ارتفاع گیاه، عملکرد علوفه‌تر و خشک، میزان نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و کلسیم علوفه اندازه‌گیری و در رسیدگی عملکرد دانه تعیین شد. براساس نتایج اثرمکان درتمامی صفات مورد مطالعه بجز نیتروژن و کلسیم علوفه معنی‌دار بود. ایستگاه بایع‌کلا با عملکرد دانه (9/5) نسبت به قراخیل(6/5) و ایستگاه قراخیل در علوفه‌تر (6/48) نسبت به بایع‌کلا (3/43) تن درهکتار تفاوت معنی‌داری نشان دادند. بین ژنوتیپ‌ها، ET-89-13 در متوسط دومنطقه با 5/50 و 1/6 تن درهکتار دارای بیشترین عملکرد علوفه و دانه بود. بین سطوح نیتروژن، مصرف 90 کیلوگرم درهکتار نیتروژن بیشترین علوفه و دانه را تولید کرد. اثر تقسیط نیتروژن برعملکرد علوفه غیرمعنی‌دار و بر عملکرد دانه معنی‌دار و در مقایسه میانگین‌ها در پنجه‌زنی+ ظهورسنبله‌ با 6 تن درهکتار دانه تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری با دیگرتیمارها داشت. برای شرایط مشابه آب و هوایی و حصول بیشترین عملکرد علوفه و دانه ژنوتیپ ET-89-13 با مصرف 90 کیلوگرم درهکتار نیتروژن به ترتیب با تقسیط کاشت + بساقه رفتن و پنجه زنی + ظهور سنبله قابل توصیه می باشد

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