شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر متحمل خشکی جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) با استفاده از شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی ،مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی ، سازمان تحقیقات ،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ،ایران ، مشهد

چکیده

خشکی حدود 40 تا 60% اراضی کشاورزی دنیا را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد. ایران با متوسط نزولات آسمانی 240 میلی متر در زمره مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک دنیا قرار می گیرد. به منظور شناسایی بهترین شاخص های تحمل تنش و سپس گزینش برترین ژنوتیپ های جو، این آزمایش با تعداد 20 رقم و لاین امیدبخش جو در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دو شرایط ( آبیاری نرمال و قطع آبیاری بعد از 50% سنبله دهی) در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی طرق به مدت دو سال مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. شاخص‌هایتحملتنشبااستفادهازمیانگیندوسالهعملکرددرهرمحیطمحاسبه شدند که عبارت بودند از MP, GMP, STI,SSI, TOL, YI, YSI, RDI. بررسی همبستگی بین شاخص ها و عملکرد دانه در دو محیط تنش و بدون تنش با استفاده از نمودار بای پلات ، نشان داد که شاخص های MP,GMP و STI بهترین شاخص ها جهت شناسایی ژنوتیپ های برتر در دو محیط آزمایش بودند. همچنین بر اساس چند ضلعی GIBiplot لاین های 6، 20 و 15 برترین ژنوتیپ ها شناخته شدند. بررسی همزمان عملکرد و پایداری ژنوتیپ ها با استفاده از GGEBiplot بر اساس عملکرد دانه در مجموع دو شرایط نیز نشان داد که ژنوتیپ های 6، 15 و 20 با داشتن عملکرد و پایداری بالا بهترین ژنوتیپ ها بودند. همچنین لاین شماره 6 در بای پلات تعیین ژنوتیپ ایده ال به عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر شناخته شد.

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