اثر سطوح آبیاری بر اساس ظرفیت زراعی بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی و زراعی چهار رقم کدوی پوست کاغذی(Cucurbita pepo L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

کمبود آب یک عامل بازدارنده مهم محیطی برای دسترسی به عملکرد مطلوب در گیاهان است. برای بررسی اثر مدت زمان وقوع تنش خشکی بر روی برخی فاکتورها در ارقام مختلف کدوی پوست کاغذی ( Cucurbita pepo L. )، مطالعه‌ای بر پایه آزمایش اسپیلت اسپیلت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی (RCBD) با سه تکرار در مزرعه ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان واقع در خیرآباد در بهار و تابستان 1395 انجام پذیرفت. اثرات تنش خشکی در پنج سطح بعنوان پلات اصلی، چهار رقم بعنوان پلات فرعی و هفته‌های تنش خشکی بعنوان پلات فرعی- فرعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جهت تعیین میزان ظرفیت زراعی مزرعه از روش منحنی رطوبتی خاک استفاده گردید . در این مطالعه میزان کلروفیل a، b و کارتنوئیدها، میزان پرولین، محتوای نسبی آب برگ (RWC)، میزان پروتئین موجود در دانه و میزان قندهای محلول همراه عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تنش خشکی بر روی میزان قندهای محلول، درصد پروتئین دانه‌ها، تجمع پرولین برگ‌ها، میزان کلروفیل و کاروتنوئیدها اثر معنی‌دار دارد. با این حال، بالاترین عملکرد دانه و میوه در آبیاری کامل در رقم استریاکا به ترتیب با 825 و 15430 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کمترین میزان در شرایط دیم و در رقم اصفهان به ترتیب با 680 و 2758 کیلوگرم در هکتار بدست آمد. با این حال، با توجه به نتایج حاصل، به نظر می‌رسد رقم چمع‌آوری شده از منطقه اصفهان انتخاب خوبی برای کشت در مناطقی با تنش ملایم خشکی از قبیل زنجان باشد.

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