Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Scientific member of Research Institute of Forest and rangland
2
-High expert of weed science, Department of Plant Protection, Zanjan agriculture and natural recourse and education center, Agricultural Research Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3
Professor, Rangelands Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
4
High Experts of bean breeding, Director of Department, Zanjan agriculture and natural recourse and education center, Agricultural Research Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Ira
Abstract
Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative traits and resistance populations to powdery mildew in sainfoin plant Onobrychis vicifolia)
Extended Abstract
1 – Inroduction: Powdery mildew is an important disease in the major areas of crop sowing in Iran, which is mainly caused by the Leveillula taurica mushroom with the form of Oidiopsis taurica .This Fungi is capable of contamination of 700 species belonging to 59 plant families including pepper, tomato, alfalfa and cotton (Correll et al., 1987). Symptoms of this disease including: necrotic spots with white mucous membrane covering on leaves, plant growth retardation, infestation of leaves, fine grains and wrinkling of seeds and, consequently, reduction of crop(Sharifnabi and Banihashemi, 1990). The highest damage caused by L.taurica is the major cause of Powdery mildew of sainfion in the rangelands of Lorestan province, with the second and third cuttings (Sepahvand et al.2000). This disease has been observed in different areas of sainfion cultivation in Zanjan province.
Material and Methods: In this research, theseeds 17 populations of Sainfoin were sown and evaluated using Randomize Block Design with thee replications in field of Khirabad station of Agricultural and natural resource of research and education center Zanjan from 2014 to 2016. The quantity traits including: Fresh and dry forage weight, medium infection percentage and disease severity index of the populations were evaluated for three cuttings during three years. The quality traits including:protein content (CP), Dry material digestibility(DMD), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), insoluble fiber in acid detergents (ADF), insoluble fiber in neutral detergents (NDF), ash content (ASH) and crude fiber (CF) were measured.
Result and discussion: Two population 15364, 1601 with fresh forage yield (9240, 8608)kg/ha) and dry forage yield (3048 and 3057)kg/ha were higher than other populations.The crude fiber, insoluble fiber in neutral detergents of two populations of 8799, 4083 (36.48, 36.9) were lower than other populations, therefore for this reason they have high quality of forage. Three populations of 3001, 15353 and Oshnavieh were tolerant to powdery mildew disease due to low disease severity index and also they have high quality forage due to high dry material digestibility. This result confirmed by Alizadeh et al. (2012) because with an experiment , they concluded that three populations of 3001, 15353 and Oshnavieh were tolerant to powdery mildew disease due to low disease severity index. The dendrogram of cluster analysis and the main component of (byplot) have defined that three populations of 3001, 15353 and Oshnavieh were grouped in a group and were superior than other populatios for their tolerance to powdery mildew disease.
Conclusion: Three populations of 3001, 15353 and Oshnavieh were tolerant to powdery mildew disease due to low disease severity index and also they have high quality forage due to high dry material digestibility.
Key word: Sainfion, powdery mildew, Leveillula taurica, tolerance, yield and forage quality
References
Alizadeh, M.A., and Jafari,A.A., 2013. Evaluation of sainfion (Onobrychis viciaefolia) with response of powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica)in field condition. J. Res.Genet and Plant Breed. Forest and Rangeland, 28(1): 48-58. ijrfpbgr.rifr-ac.org.
Correll, J.C., Gordon, T.R., and Elliott, V.J., 1987. Host range, specification and biometrical measurements of Leveillula taurica in California. Plant Disease 71:284-251.
Sepahvand, K., Moridi, M., and Nazari, S., (2000): Evaluation and identification of powder mildew of range land plant in Lorestan province, Research project Final report , 2000, Pp: 58-71
Keywords
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